Elevated total cholesterol (TC) is a major cause of disease burden in both the developed and developing world as a risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD). Globally, a third of ischemic heart disease is attributable to elevated cholesterol. The 2008 global prevalence of elevated cholesterol among adults was 39%. Overall, elevated cholesterol is estimated to cause 2.6 million deaths. Behavior changes are the cornerstone for treatment of hyperlipidemia. Evidence-based practice (EBP), along with nursing therapy, provides a foundation of care that proven to assist individuals with long-term lifestyle changes. Pender’s Health Promotion Model (HPM) first appeared in nursing literature in 1982. The purpose of the model is to assist nurses in understanding the major determinants of health behaviors as a basis for behavioral education to promote healthy lifestyles.
