This efficacy study was used to evaluate a Neuro-Developmental Treatment (NDT) protocol during age-appropriate, functional activities in infants 4 to 12 months of age. The NDT protocol focused on developing efficient movement and posture in response to gravity and to the body’s contact with the support surface using facilitated, actively balanced and specifically sequenced trunk movements. The hypotheses were: (1) infants receiving an NDT-based protocol will make greater gains in gross motor function than infants receiving a parent-infant playgroup (PIP) when evaluated immediately after intervention, and (2) the NDT group will maintain gains at the 3-week follow-up evaluation (FU).